China stainless steel mogul fights to avoid a second collapse
A debt crisis is threatening the future of one of the world’s top stainless steel producers, Jiangsu Delong Nickel Industry.
The International Business Times reported the world’s top ten central bank holdings of gold on Monday.
Global central bank reserves reached 31671.4 in March of this year, according to the World Gold Council.
Without further ado, here they are:
10. India – 557.7 tonnes. India continues to tighten its grip on the country’s gold trade, hiking the import tax from 2% to 6% over the past year. Gold is India’s number two import item in terms of value after crude oil and the government has been trying to curb imports to reduce the country’s chronic balance of payments problem.
9. Netherlands – 612.5 tonnes. The Dutch central bank has thus far failed in its attempt to sell off 300 tonnes of gold.
8. Japan – 765.2 tonnes. The Bank of Japan (BOJ), perhaps better known for its excessive money printing during Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s second stint in power, was slow to gold accumulation, with only 6 tonnes in 1950. The BOJ sold off large amounts of bullion to help finance recovery of the 2011 Fukushima disaster.
7. Russia – 976.9 tonnes. The Central Bank of Russia has been beefing up its reserves by buying domestically produced bullion.
6. Switzerland – 1,040.1 tonnes, equivalent to 10% of its foreign reserves.
5. China – 1,054.1 tonnes. Domestic production was up 10% in 2012. Gold is big business in China: roughly two thirds of the 10 million Chinese brides in 2013 are expected to receive golden presents. China is set to overtake India in domestic gold consumption as a result of domestic demand and India’s import tariffs.
4. France – 2,435.4 tonnes, almost 70% of its foreign reserves.
3. Italy – 2,451.8 tonnes, equivalent to 72% percent of its foreign reserves.
2. Germany – 3,391.3 tonnes. Germany’s central bank was often in the news earlier this year when they decided to recall $180 billion of its gold bullion stored in vaults around the world. In January the Bundesbank shipped home 374 tonnes it had stored with the Banque de France in Paris, as well as 300 tonnes held in Manhattan by the US Federal Reserve.
1. United States – 8,133.5 tonnes, equivalent to 75.1 percent of its foreign reserves. Until recently, the New York Federal Reserve had rejected calls to conduct audits of its gold supply, leading to suspicion about the gold’s whereabouts. Rumours of secret government deals, dramatic looting heists and gold-painted bars have crept into media coverage of the massive trove of gold held 5 stories underneath Manhattan’s streets. Unfortunately for the NY Fed, their gold audit has neither satisfied critics nor laid to rest certain theories.
For great gold industry insight, check out the World Gold Council’s website here: http://www.gold.org/
