Nickel is likely to see a surge of buying before and during an annual re-balancing in January of commodity indexes.

Stellantis’ partnership with CATL would be among the most wide-ranging such agreements in Europe.

EU diplomatic sources said last week the proposal under discussion was to ban direct diamond imports from Russia from Jan. 1.

The surcharges mirror a plan from the rare earths industry as Beijing exerts control of the critical minerals market.

The company said it has a strategic partnership with Canadian-German company Rock Tech Lithium.

The proposal is part of a new sanctions package to curb Russia's ability to finance its invasion of Ukraine.

Six organisations have signed an open letter to UK university leaders setting out the essential role of materials, minerals and mining in modern society.