President Vladimir Putin, who attended the opening ceremony, said the new operation reinforced the state-controlled firm's position as a diamond world leader.
Nyrstar's CFO Michel Abaza said that no decision had yet been taken on how to tackle the company's debt levels but that the board would come back with a decision in the coming months.
Deal is part of Chaarat’s intention of becoming a major regional player in Central Asia, with an annual production of 1 million ounces, which aims to reach through acquisitions.
Alrosa has joined rival De Beers' Tracr industry blockchain traceability platform, aimed at clearing the supply chain of imposters and conflict diamonds.