Gold exploration trends: companies still cautious despite market rebound

Gold futures for December delivery dropped 3.2%  or $57 to $1,717.30 an ounce on the Comex division of the New York Mercantile Exchange by early afternoon on Thursday. Gold's weakness flies in the face of new data from the World Gold Council showing investment demand at record highs and voracious jewelry demand from China, and investment bank Morgan Stanley picking gold as its top commodity for 2012 and predicting a price of $2,200 an ounce in the first half.

According to the World Gold Council’s Gold Demand Trends report for the third quarter 2011 released today, demand reached 1,053.9 tonnes, an increase of 6% compared to the same period last year. This equates to $57.7bn, an all-time high in value terms. The increase was driven by investment demand which rose by 33% year-on-year to 468.1 tonnes, generating record quarterly demand of $25.6bn, and came despite a steep drop-off Indian jewellery demand which was down 26% thanks to disappointing Diwali sales.Chinese jewellery demand was 13% higher year-on-year at 131.0 tonnes and topped Indian sales for the first time as Chinese jewellers expand outside the bigger cities.

The prices of rare earth elements, which have enjoyed a three-year run, are dropping rapidly, reports New York Times. The reason, says The Times, is on the manufacturing side, as big companies in the US, Europe and Japan that use REES in manufacturing move operations to China, draw down inventories, and look for lower-cost substitutes: International prices for some light rare earths, like cerium and lanthanum, used in the polishing of flat-screen televisions and the refining of oil, respectively, have fallen as much as two-thirds since August and are still dropping. Prices have declined by roughly one-third since then for highly magnetic rare earths, like neodymium, needed for products like smartphones, computers and large wind turbines.

A new European study says supply shortfalls of rare-earth elements over the next two decades put at risk the EU's ambitious plans to expand the production of solar, wind and green transport technologies and implement carbon-capture systems. According to the EU's Joint Research Centre, solar will require half the current world supply of tellurium and 25% of the supply of indium, while Europe’s wind energy programme which is supposed to power all of the continents 240 million households within 20 years need a steady supply of neodymium and dysprosium. China controls 95% of the globe's rare earth output in 2010 produced more solar panels than the rest of the world combined.

Shares in Jaguar Mining (NYSE:JAG) surged 46% today on news that a Chinese gold producer is bidding $1 billion for the Brazil-focused company. The Globe and Mail reports that Shandong Gold is offering $9.30 per share in cash, which is a 73% premium to Jaguar's closing price Tuesday on the NYSE. The shares were changing hands at around $7.89 Wednesday afternoon in New York.

Popular commentator and finance professor, Larry Lang, didn't want anyone to hear his real thoughts about China's economy, but his Oct. 22 speech in Shenyang City is making the rounds.

A Chinese mine manager who smeared coal on his face to appear to be trapped in a mine where 34 workers died has been detained by police, MailOnline reported: "After the accident, Qi (Guming) 'rushed down the shaft and smeared coal on his face to pretend he had escaped from underground,' the newspaper said. 'On Sunday the public security authority confirmed that Qi did not go down the shaft on that day, and made false claims to the rescue command office.'"

The price of iron ore spiked to a one-month high today, with benchmark Australian iron ore rising to $140 a tonne. FT (sub required) reports that Chinese steelmakers, which halted purchases last month amid concerns about an economic slowdown and tight credit conditions, are able to obtain import financing. That, combined with higher steel prices, is boosting iron ore prices.

Construction and mining equipment manufacturer Caterpillar, Inc. (CAT: News ) said Thursday it will offer to acquire Chinese equipment maker ERA Mining Machinery Ltd. for about 6.9 billion billion Hong Kong dollars or $887 million in order to expand market share and modernize its operations in China, where mine modernization will continue to drive demand for equipment.