Coal is seeing a dramatic spike in demand just as several major miners are hit with production problems, sparking a surge in prices from China to Europe and the US.

Companies are feeling increased pressure from shareholders and institutional investors to prioritize ESG factors.

Mined production last year was 771,000 tonnes, twice as much as the world’s second largest producer the Philippines.

Rising near-term supplies are the primary driver for a bearish 2021 price outlook.

The world’s biggest coal miner is about to enter negotiations with trade unions over potentially hefty pay hikes at a time when the global push for clean energy is putting the industry’s future into doubt.

Archi Indonesia, which operates two gold mines on Sulawesi island, is a unit of Indonesian conglomerate Rajawali Corp.

Bottlenecks at London Metal Exchange registered warehouses in Malaysia owned by metals storage firm ISTIM UK are adding to the difficulties aluminum consumers in the United States and Europe face in getting the metal they need.