As supply chains tighten and long term demand drivers strengthen, resource-rich nations are looking to capture a greater share of their mineral wealth.
A decade of underinvestment in new supply and an enormous metal intensive energy transition have offered little incentive for investors to back the next generation of deposits.
As opposed to the oil and gas industry, which has made considerable advancements in exploration technology over the past 70 years, the mining industry largely relies on technologies used for hundreds of years.