Schlumberger NV is teaming up with a MIT spinoff on efforts to limit the amount of water needed to produce lithium.

Several companies are building refineries in Australia that would turn locally-mined lithium ore into battery-grade chemicals.

Visualize the world's top lithium producing countries since 2012 and forecasts for winners and losers out to 2031.

Keliber aims to be the first fully-integrated lithium producer in Europe, targeting first production in 2024.

Lithium demand is forecast to almost triple by mid-decade from last year’s level, BloombergNEF said in a July report.

“We can secure lithium via a purchase contract, we can be a co-investor into a new mine development, we could buy material providers,” says Citroen chief Vincent Cobee.