According to a paper in Resources Policy, such compensation packages actively encourage managers to cut costs and increase production regardless of the risks associated with those decisions.
The International Council on Mining and Metals (ICMM) has picked someone outside the industry to oversee an initiative aimed at setting new dam safety standards for miners.
In April, ethical investors working on a global standard for tailings dams had written to 683 listed resource companies, including major miners, asking for information to be made public within 45 days about every facility they control.
The race to mine Guinea's iron ore has started although the focus is not on its giant Simandou deposits but on smaller finds whose output could be transported via Liberia if ArcelorMittal shares its railway.