The emerging market contagion which began making headlines and roiling markets last week is not well understood and it is not even clear which countries are ground zero for this crisis.
Early signs of activity include Kinross Gold's March decision to expand its Mauritanian gold mine and Goldcorp acquisition of junior Kaminak for $520 million in May.
The country lost at least $27.5 million in revenue from lapis lazuli between 2014 and 2015. In contrast, armed groups earned about $20 million just in 2014.