Opposition leader says that the gold was refined in Mali and then resold primarily in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to allow for Maduro's administration to obtain the equivalent of at least $1 billion in euros in particular.

Artisanal mining is considered the main source of global mercury pollution.

The South Africa-listed company declared a dividend of 10 rand per share for the six months ended December, compared with 5 rand per share a year earlier.

Oktyabrsky and Taimyrsky mines in Siberia account for 36% of Nornickel's ore mined in Russia.

Effective April 1, Namibian mining exploration licence holders will be required by law to retain at least a 15% stake.