Mining vast untapped reserves of bauxite, phosphate, gold, copper and uranium is key to the Saudi Arabia's efforts to diversify its economy away from hydrocarbons.
Britain's High Court quashed the government's rejection of the new mine on the grounds that the minister did not provide adequate evidence for his decision.
Analysis shows oil consumption growing in coming decades, due to rising petrochemicals, trucking and aviation demand but meeting this growth in the near term means that approvals of conventional oil projects need to double.