Liberty Gold recorded the largest one-year per-share growth: up 163.64%.

Its priorities include tailings pond management and obtaining social licence for resource extraction projects.

The perception of sustainability as a nice-to-have but costly luxury has changed irrevocably in the past 18 months.

Panguna has an estimated 5.3 million tones of copper and 19.3 million ounces of gold, which would make the reserves worth about $60 billion at today’s prices.

If you have a mine company with a tailings pond full of coal slurry or a coal deposit that is no longer economic, there could still be value in it

It was the first advocacy effort of its kind in a mining conflict that has spanned a decade, three countries and multiple legal challenges.