US authorities will review a decision to renew 13 mining permits, including Antofagasta’s Twin Metals copper-nickel project licence.

Labour action would affect Escondida, the world's largest copper mine, and Spence.

Wood Mackenzie says miners need to spend that amount in the next next 15 years to help supply enough metals needed for the shift to a low carbon world.

A report by Fitch Solutions states that most battery metals together with metal scrap will see a boost over the next decade.