The covid-19 pandemic increased the level of cyber risk because it pushed miners to quickly restructure the way they operate, as the need for systems that support remote working and automation became urgent.

New research shows that midwater sediment plumes discharged by mining machinery become a highly turbulent cloud of suspended particles.

New report says while copper bulls have been facing “a crisis of confidence”, fundamentals “have been quietly tightening” setting up return to record prices in the near future.

In the short term, emissions are on a rising trend, notwithstanding a temporary decline during the covid-19 pandemic, putting the world a long way off track to reach zero emissions by 2050.