The five-year annual average production would be 35 million lb zinc and 15 million lb lead.

Vale has pledged up to $6 billion to cut Scope 1 and Scope 2 carbon emissions by 33% by 2030.

Eramet is struggling to attract investment from its home region to process its overseas nickel, lithium and cobalt reserves into battery materials.

The new AL+ is expected to keep 60% of its current aluminum and 70% of alumina production assets.

Canada is the only Western nation that has an abundance of cobalt, graphite, lithium, and nickel, essential to creating the batteries and EVs of the future.

The future EU-US arrangement will be a challenge for China, which produces more than half of the world's steel.

The decision ends one of the biggest areas of friction between the allies.