Russian-supplied aluminum accounts for roughly 10% of total US imports, highlighting the negative impact that sanctions could have.

The gains will heap fresh inflationary pressure on buyers who use aluminum in everything from cables to drinks cans.

Demand for copper and coal has risen as global economies recover further from pandemic lows.

Biden's comments on Tuesday were the clearest to date about the rubric administration officials deploy when determining whether or not to support a proposed US mining project.

In its latest assessment of 250 mine sites, the Responsible Mining Foundation found that that commitments are commonplace, yet basic actions are rarely evident.