IGO to record impairment against nickel assets in strategy shift
IGO has been undertaking a strategic review in an attempt to revaluate its resources.
It is hardly a surprise that existing and future shareholders in the mining industry are predominantly concerned about returns on their investments. Regardless of whether investors are seeking a capital appreciation of their stock portfolio or plan to grow their money through dividend payments, or a combination of both, they typically make money when a company does.
Mining companies that provide a competitive and sustainable rate of return to their shareholders are highly sought-after targets for investors.
A company’s financial indicators, such as revenue and expenses, cannot always tell a reliable and comprehensive story about its financial performance. For instance, growing revenue, at a first glance, is usually considered to be a positive sign of a company’s financial health, but expenditures that outpace improving revenues can smudge the overall performance picture and will surely disappoint shareholders.
When it comes to the evaluation of a company’s financial health, net profit margin is one of the most important and powerful—yet simple—indicators to be taken into an arsenal of any group of investors in the mining and metals industry.
Net profit margin is equal to net income (or profit) divided by total revenue and represents how much profit each dollar of revenue generates.
Intuitively, net profit margin can be interpreted as an indicator of whether a company’s profitability is secure or not. Indeed, let’s consider a case where a company reported a USD$100 billion dollar in revenue but just a 3% net profit margin. While on paper this looks like the company is doing well, the low net profit margin means that this company is in a very vulnerable position; even an insignificant downward move in commodity prices, slightly lower ore grades, unfavourable exchange rates, or minor operational disruptions could push the previous year’s net profits into a net loss the following year. A high net profit margin provides a company with a solid buffer against even major negative events.
The following is the list of active mining companies compiled from data at Mining Intelligence that ranks by miners’ net profit margins yielded in 2017 and measured in percentages. Companies that generate a majority of their revenues outside of mining/mineral processing operations have been excluded from this ranking. The research focus was on net income earned from ongoing operating activities and not from one-time sources of “accounting” income such as debt restructuring and impairment reversals. The threshold net income level for companies considered for this analysis was set at USD$400 million.
| Rank | Company | Sector | Net Profit, 2017, USD million | 2017 Net Profit Margin % | 2016 Net Profit Margin % |
| 1 | Polyus | Precious Metals | 1,241 | 46 | 58 |
| 2 | Uralkali | Potash | 875 | 32 | 63 |
| 3 | Fresnillo | Precious Metals | 561 | 27 | 22 |
| 4 | KAZ Minerals | Base Metals | 447 | 27 | 23 |
| 5 | Fortescue | Iron Ore | 2,004 | 25 | 14 |
| 6 | Lundin | Base Metals | 502 | 24 | 8 |
| 7 | Norilsk Nickel | Diversified | 2,129 | 23 | 31 |
| 8 | Rio Tinto | Diversified | 8,762 | 22 | 14 |
| 9 | Teck Resources | Diversified | 1,859 | 21 | 11 |
| 10 | Goldcorp | Precious Metals | 658 | 19 | 5 |
Data from Mining Intelligence
As can be seen, the top companies generating the highest net profit margins are from across the mining spectrum; from major gold producers such as Polyus and Goldcorp to potash behemoth Uralkali, and big diversified companies such as Rio Tinto and Teck Resources.
Common themes that contributed towards high net profit margins for these companies were expansions of mining operations, improved commodity market conditions, higher ore grades and higher metal recoveries, as well as successful implementation of portfolio optimization and cost reduction strategies.
Major contributors to decreased margins were losses on unfavourable currency exchange rates; production disruptions due to environmental, geopolitical and technical risks and challenges; lower ore grades; and negative price dynamics for a number of commodities.
What all the high net profit margin companies have in common is a decent margin of safety. This will help them weather even a significant storm on the mining markets and deliver competitive and secure shareholder returns in situations where other companies will struggle to survive.
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Creative Commons image of robot miner courtesy of [White Bear].
2 Comments
Jamie Kneen
Vladimir, you mention “rate of return to shareholders,” but I don’t see any indicators for this. Profitable companies may enjoy increased share value, and they may pay increased dividends, but those are respectively subject to the stock market and management decisions. I’d be very interested to see what indicators, and what correlation, you may have observed. Also, I’m not sure that high profit margins represent much of a margin of safety, at least in more than a very short term, as opposed to cash on hand vs. debt etc. given that even in the top 10 we can see up to about 80% variability year over year.
Author
Hello Jamie, thank you for your comment. As for the rate of return, we can safely assume that companies that generate higher net profit margins compared to their peers, are more likely to pay increased dividends to shareholders. As you mention and that was my point too, that even with 80% variability companies with highest profit margins are more in the safe zone and may still pay dividends while companies with low (or negative) profit margins might struggle to survive. I do agree that there are other indicators we can use to lit more light on this issue, but I have chosen this one for my story. Perhaps, I will do a research on other indicators later on.