Mexico says lithium is too strategic for private investors

While Mexico has yet to produce lithium commercially, previous governments granted permits including to Bacanora Lithium Plc, recently acquired by China’s Ganfeng Lithium Co., for areas in Sonora state. AMLO called for an investigation into how concessions were awarded given they don’t benefit Mexicans and announced plans to create a state lithium company. 

“Lithium is going to be exploited by the nation,” he said when asked about the Sonora concessions. “Just so it’s clear: Lithium doesn’t belong to the government or the state. Lithium belongs to the people and the nation of Mexico.” 

The president’s comments are the latest sign of growing resource nationalism around the world as governments look to gain more control of and profits from the key component in rechargeable batteries. Lithium prices are surging to record highs alongside booming demand for electric vehicles.

In Chile, the biggest producer of lithium after Australia, President-elect Gabriel Boric also wants to create a state producer as the country drafts a new constitution that enshrines the rights of local communities and the environment. Last month, the government of Serbia canceled a lithium project being developed by Rio Tinto Group after a series of protests.

Growing nationalism threatens to slow supply growth needed to feed the transition toward electrified economies. That said, investment headwinds in Mexico will be of little immediate consequence for the global market given the country is expected to account for just a small fraction of lithium supply in the coming years.

Last year, Bacanora said it was plowing ahead with construction of Mexico’s first mine even after the government laid out plans to stop granting contracts to private companies. On Wednesday, the firm’s external media representative referred questions to Ganfeng.

“The exploitation of lithium is special,” AMLO said, “and it has already been decided that lithium is going to be exploited for the benefit of Mexicans, for Mexicans and by Mexicans.”

(By James Attwood and Maya Averbuch)